Cone-beam computed tomography guided nusinersen administrations in adult spinal muscular atrophy patients with challenging access: a single- center experience

Abstract

Background. The challenging anatomic predispositions in adult patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) preclude the conventional lumbar punctures. Consequently, an introduction of alternative method for intrathecal delivery of nusinersen is required. Cone-beam CT (CBCT) allows volumetric display of the area of interest, pre-procedural planning and real time needle guidance which results in accurate anatomic navigation. The aim of this paper is to evaluate technical success, safety, and feasibility of CBCT lumbar intrathecal delivery of nusinersen in the adult SMA patients with challenging anatomical access. Materials and methods. Thirty-eight adult SMA patients were treated in our institution. Patients with challenging access were selected by multidisciplinary board for image guided administration of nusinersen either due to implantation of the posterior fusion instrumentation, severe scoliosis defined as Cobb’s angle > 40º or body mass index over 35. Technical success, radiation exposure and occurrence of adverse events were assessed. Results. Twenty patients were selected, and 108 CBCT-guided procedures were performed. Each patient underwent at least 4 administrations. Transforaminal approach was performed in 82 % of patients. The technical success was 100 %, with primary success of 93.5 %. The median effective dose of the administrations was 5 mSv. Only mild adverse events were reported in our study. Conclusions. CBCT-guided lumbar intrathecal administrations of nusinersen in an adult SMA population with challenging access is feasible and safe image guided method.